The relationship between low levels of mindfulness skills and pathological worry: The mediating role of psychological inflexibility

نویسنده

  • Francisco J. Ruiz
چکیده

Título: La relación entre niveles bajos de habilidades de mindfulness y preocupación patológica: El rol mediador de la inflexibilidad psicológica. Resumen: Recientemente, las intervenciones basadas en mindfulness se han propuesto para el tratamiento del trastorno de ansiedad generalizada. Sin embargo, no se conoce aún adecuadamente la naturaleza específica de la relación entre las habilidades de mindfulness y la preocupación patológica. Este estudio analiza el rol de la inflexibilidad psicológica, un constructo central en el modelo psicopatológico de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso (ACT), en el efecto que las habilidades de mindfulness tienen en la preocupación patológica. Un total de 132 participantes completaron instrumentos que miden los constructos de interés: el Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), el Acceptance and Action Questionnaire – II (AAQ-II), y el Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS). Puesto que la traducción al español del KIMS carecía de validación formal, se analizaron sus propiedades psicométricas y estructura factorial. Este proceso generó una versión reducida del KIMS con buena consistencia interna y estructura factorial. Los análisis de mediación revelaron que la inflexibilidad psicológica medió completamente los efectos de las habilidades de mindfulness en la preocupación patológica. En cuanto a las habilidades de mindfulness específicas, la inflexibilidad psicológica fue un mediador y supresor de las relaciones que tienen, respectivamente, la aceptación sin juicio y la acción consciente con la preocupación. Se discuten los resultados enfatizando la necesidad de poner los ejercicios de mindfulness al servicio de promover flexibilidad psicológica. Palabras clave: preocupación patológica; trastorno de ansiedad generalizada; inflexibilidad psicológica; evitación experiencial; habilidades de mindfulness; terapia de aceptación y compromiso. Abstract: Mindfulness-based interventions have recently been proposed for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). However, the specific nature of the relationship between mindfulness skills and pathological worry is still not very well known. This study analyzes the mediating role of psychological inflexibility—a central construct in the acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) model of psychopathology—in the effect of mindfulness skills on pathological worry. A total of 132 nonclinical participants completed questionnaires assessing the constructs of interest: the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire – II (AAQ-II), and the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS). Because the Spanish translation of the KIMS used lacked of a formal validation, its psychometric properties and factor structure were previously evaluated. This process led to a reduced version of the KIMS that showed good internal consistency and factor structure. Mediation analyses revealed that psychological inflexibility fully mediated the effects of mindfulness skills as a set on pathological worry. Regarding specific mindfulness skills, psychological inflexibility was shown to be a mediator and suppressor, respectively, of the relationship between acceptance without judgment and act with awareness on worry. Results are discussed emphasizing the need of using mindfulness exercises to promote psychological flexibility.

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تاریخ انتشار 2014